{"id":85,"date":"2010-06-05T10:18:11","date_gmt":"2010-06-05T08:18:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.teachenglishtoday.org\/?p=85"},"modified":"2010-06-06T16:30:47","modified_gmt":"2010-06-06T14:30:47","slug":"the-classic-concordance-of-cacographic-chaos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/2010\/06\/the-classic-concordance-of-cacographic-chaos\/","title":{"rendered":"THE CLASSIC CONCORDANCE OF CACOGRAPHIC CHAOS"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"image_pdf\"<\/a>\"image_print\"<\/a><\/div>

The strange case of the English language<\/strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n

Below is one of the versions of a poem entitled \u2018English is tough stuff\u2019 (aka \u2018The Chaos\u2019) by Dr Gerald Nolst Trenit\u00e9 (1870-1946), a Dutch writer, traveller and teacher. It was first published in 1920 in a book to help people improve their English pronunciation (Drop Your Foreign Accent<\/em><\/span>). <\/em><\/p>\n

It has been said that English is one of the hardest languages to learn to speak and spell correctly. <\/strong> <\/em>\u2018The Chaos\u2019 represents a virtuoso feat of composition, a mammoth catalogue of about 800 of the most notorious irregularities of traditional English orthography, skilfully versified (if with a few awkward lines) into couplets with alternating feminine and masculine rhymes. The selection of examples now appears somewhat dated, as do a few of their pronunciations; indeed a few words may even be unknown to today’s readers (how many will know what a \u2018studding-sail\u2019 is, or that its nautical pronunciation is \u2018stunsail\u2019?), and not every rhyme will immediately \u2018click\u2019 (\u2018grits\u2019 for \u2018groats\u2019?); but the overwhelming bulk of the poem represents as valid an indictment of the chaos of English spelling as it ever did. Who the \u2018dearest creature in creation\u2019 addressed in the first line, also addressed as \u2018Susy\u2019 in line 5, might have been is unknown, though a mimeographed version of the poem in Harry Cohen’s possession is dedicated to \u2018Miss Susanne Delacruix, Paris\u2019. Presumably she was one of Nolst Trenit\u00e9’s students.<\/p>\n

Readers will notice that \u2018The Chaos\u2019 is written from the viewpoint of the foreign learner of English: it is not so much the spelling as such that is lamented, as the fact that the poor learner can never tell how to pronounce words encountered in writing (the poem was, after all, appended to a book of pronunciation exercises<\/em>). With English today the prime language of international communication, this unpredictability of symbol-sound correspondence constitutes no less of a problem than the unpredictability of sound-symbol correspondence which is so bewailed by native speakers of English. Nevertheless, many native English-speaking readers will find the poem a revelation: the juxtaposition of so many differently pronounced parallel spellings brings home the sheer illogicality of the writing system in countless instances that such readers may have never previously noticed.<\/p>\n

It would be interesting to know if Gerard Nolst Trenit\u00e9, or anyone else, has ever actually used \u2018he \u2018o teach English pronunciation, since the tight rhythmic and rhyming structure of the poem might prove a valuable mnemonic aid. There could be material for experiments here: non-English- speaking learners who had practised reading parts of the poem aloud could be tested in reading the same problematic words in a plain prose context, and their success measured against a control group who had not practised them through \u2018The Chaos\u2019.<\/p>\n

This version is essentially the author’s own final text, as also published by New River Project in 1993. A few minor corrections have however been made, and occasional words from earlier editions have been preferred. Following earlier practice, words with clashing spellings or pronunciations are here printed in italics.<\/p>\n

We hope that you enjoy this bit of fun and find it useful in teaching spelling and homophones.<\/p>\n

<\/em><\/p>\n

Gerard Nolst Trenit\u00e9 – The Chaos (1922)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dearest creature<\/em> in creation<\/em>
\nStudying English pronunciation<\/em>,
\nI will teach you in my verse<\/em>
\nSounds like corpse<\/em>, corps<\/em>, horse<\/em> and worse<\/em>.<\/p>\n

I will keep you, Susy<\/em>, busy<\/em>,
\nMake your head<\/em> with heat<\/em> grow dizzy;
\nTear<\/em> in eye, your dress you’ll tear<\/em>;
\nQueer<\/em>, fair seer<\/em>, hear<\/em> my prayer<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Pray<\/em>, console your loving poet<\/em>,
\nMake my coat look new<\/em>, dear, sew<\/em> it<\/em>!
\nJust compare heart<\/em>, hear<\/em> and heard<\/em>,
\nDies<\/em> and diet<\/em>, lord<\/em> and word<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Sword<\/em> and sward<\/em>, retain<\/em> and Britain<\/em>
\n(Mind the latter how it’s written<\/em>).
\nMade<\/em> has not the sound of bade<\/em>,
\nSay<\/em>–said<\/em>, pay<\/em>–paid<\/em>, laid<\/em> but plaid<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Now I surely will not plague you<\/em>
\nWith such words as vague<\/em> and ague<\/em>,
\nBut be careful how you speak<\/em>,
\nSay: gush, bush, steak, streak, break, bleak <\/em>,<\/p>\n

Previous, precious, fuchsia, via<\/em>
\nRecipe, pipe, studding-sail, choir;<\/em>
\nWoven<\/em>, oven<\/em>, how<\/em> and low<\/em>,
\nScript<\/em>, receipt<\/em>, shoe<\/em>, poem<\/em>, toe<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Say, expecting fraud and trickery<\/em>:
\nDaughter<\/em>, laughter<\/em> and Terpsichore<\/em>,
\nBranch, ranch, measles<\/em>, topsails<\/em>, aisles<\/em>,
\nMissiles<\/em>, similes<\/em>, reviles<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Wholly<\/em>, holly<\/em>, signal<\/em>, signing<\/em>,
\nSame<\/em>, examining<\/em>, but mining<\/em>,
\nScholar<\/em>, vicar<\/em>, and cigar<\/em>,
\nSolar<\/em>, mica<\/em>, war<\/em> and far<\/em>.<\/p>\n

From “desire”: desirable<\/em>–admirable<\/em> from “admire”,
\nLumber<\/em>, plumber<\/em>, bier<\/em>, but brier<\/em>,
\nTopsham<\/em>, brougham<\/em>, renown<\/em>, but known<\/em>,
\nKnowledge<\/em>, done<\/em>, lone<\/em>, gone<\/em>, none<\/em>, tone<\/em>,<\/p>\n

One<\/em>, anemone<\/em>, Balmoral<\/em>,
\nKitchen<\/em>, lichen<\/em>, laundry<\/em>, laurel<\/em>.
\nGertrude<\/em>, German<\/em>, wind<\/em> and wind<\/em>,
\nBeau, kind, kindred, queue<\/em>, mankind<\/em>,<\/p>\n

Tortoise<\/em>, turquoise<\/em>, chamois-leather<\/em>,
\nReading, Reading<\/em>, heathen<\/em>, heather<\/em>.
\nThis phonetic labyrinth
\nGives moss<\/em>, gross<\/em>, brook<\/em>, brooch<\/em>, ninth<\/em>, plinth<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Have you ever yet endeavoured<\/em>
\nTo pronounce revered<\/em> and severed<\/em>,
\nDemon, lemon, ghoul, foul, soul,<\/em>
\nPeter, petrol <\/em>and patrol<\/em>?<\/p>\n

Billet<\/em> does not end like ballet<\/em>;
\nBouquet<\/em>, wallet<\/em>, mallet<\/em>, chalet<\/em>.
\nBlood<\/em> and flood<\/em> are not like food<\/em>,
\nNor is mould<\/em> like should<\/em> and would<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Banquet<\/em> is not nearly parquet<\/em>,
\nWhich exactly rhymes with khaki<\/em>.
\nDiscount<\/em>, viscount<\/em>, load<\/em> and broad<\/em>,
\nToward<\/em>, to forward<\/em>, to reward<\/em>,<\/p>\n

Ricocheted<\/em> and crocheting<\/em>, croquet<\/em>?
\nRight! Your pronunciation’s OK.
\nRounded<\/em>, wounded<\/em>, grieve<\/em> and sieve<\/em>,
\nFriend<\/em> and fiend<\/em>, alive<\/em> and live<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Is your r correct in higher<\/em>?
\nKeats asserts it rhymes Thalia<\/em>.
\nHugh<\/em>, but hug<\/em>, and hood<\/em>, but hoot<\/em>,
\nBuoyant<\/em>, minute<\/em>, but minute<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Say abscission<\/em> with precision<\/em>,
\nNow: position<\/em> and transition<\/em>;
\nWould it tally with my rhyme<\/em>
\nIf I mentioned paradigm<\/em>?<\/p>\n

Twopence, threepence, tease<\/em> are easy<\/em>,
\nBut cease, crease, grease<\/em> and greasy<\/em>?
\nCornice, nice, valise, revise,<\/em>
\nRabies,<\/em> but lullabies<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Of such puzzling words as nauseous<\/em>,
\nRhyming well with cautious, tortious<\/em>,
\nYou’ll envelop<\/em> lists, I hope,
\nIn a linen envelope<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Would you like some more? You’ll have it<\/em>!
\nAffidavit, David, davit<\/em>.
\nTo abjure<\/em>, to perjure<\/em>. Sheik<\/em>
\nDoes not sound like Czech<\/em> but ache<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Liberty<\/em>, library<\/em>, heave<\/em> and heaven<\/em>,
\nRachel<\/em>, loch<\/em>, moustache<\/em>, eleven<\/em>.
\nWe say hallowed<\/em>, but allowed<\/em>,
\nPeople<\/em>, leopard<\/em>, towed<\/em> but vowed<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Mark the difference, moreover,
\nBetween mover<\/em>, plover<\/em>, Dover<\/em>.
\nLeeches<\/em>, breeches<\/em>, wise<\/em>, precise<\/em>,
\nChalice<\/em>, but police<\/em> and lice<\/em>,<\/p>\n

Camel<\/em>, constable<\/em>, unstable<\/em>,
\nPrinciple<\/em>, disciple<\/em>, label<\/em>.
\nPetal<\/em>, penal<\/em>, and canal<\/em>,
\nWait<\/em>, surmise<\/em>, plait<\/em>, promise<\/em>, pal<\/em>,<\/p>\n

Suit<\/em>, suite<\/em>, ruin<\/em>. Circuit<\/em>, conduit<\/em>
\nRhyme with “shirk it” and “beyond it”,
\nBut it is not hard to tell
\nWhy it’s pall<\/em>, mall<\/em>, but Pall<\/em> Mall<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Muscle<\/em>, muscular<\/em>, gaol<\/em>, iron<\/em>,
\nTimber<\/em>, climber<\/em>, bullion<\/em>, lion,<\/em>
\nWorm<\/em> and storm<\/em>, chaise<\/em>, chaos<\/em>, chair<\/em>,
\nSenator<\/em>, spectator<\/em>, mayor<\/em>,<\/p>\n

Ivy<\/em>, privy<\/em>, famous<\/em>; clamour<\/em>
\nHas the a of drachm<\/em> and hammer<\/em>.
\nPussy<\/em>, hussy<\/em> and possess<\/em>,
\nDesert<\/em>, but desert<\/em>, address<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Golf<\/em>, wolf<\/em>, countenance<\/em>, lieutenants<\/em>
\nHoist in lieu<\/em> of flags left pennants<\/em>.
\nCourier, courtier, tomb<\/em>, bomb<\/em>, comb<\/em>,
\nCow<\/em>, but Cowper,<\/em> some<\/em> and home<\/em>.<\/p>\n

“Solder, soldier<\/em>! <\/em>Blood is thicker<\/em>“,
\nQuoth he, “than liqueur<\/em> or liquor<\/em>“,
\nMaking, it is sad but true<\/em>,
\nIn bravado, much ado<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Stranger<\/em> does not rhyme with anger<\/em>,
\nNeither does devour<\/em> with clangour<\/em>.
\nPilot, pivot, gaunt<\/em>, but aunt<\/em>,
\nFont<\/em>, front<\/em>, wont<\/em>, want<\/em>, grand<\/em> and grant<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Arsenic, specific, scenic,<\/em>
\nRelic, rhetoric, hygienic<\/em>.
\nGooseberry, goose<\/em>, and close<\/em>, but close<\/em>,
\nParadise, rise, rose<\/em>, and dose<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Say inveigh, neigh<\/em>, but inveigle<\/em>,
\nMake the latter rhyme with eagle<\/em>.
\nMind<\/em>! Meandering<\/em> but mean<\/em>,
\nValentine<\/em> and magazine<\/em>.<\/p>\n

And I bet you, dear, a penny<\/em>,
\nYou say mani<\/em>-(fold) like many<\/em>,
\nWhich is wrong. Say rapier, pier,<\/em>
\nTier<\/em> (one who ties), but tier<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Arch, archangel<\/em>; pray, does erring<\/em>
\nRhyme with herring<\/em> or with stirring<\/em>?
\nPrison, bison, treasure trove,<\/em>
\nTreason, hover, cover, cove,<\/em><\/p>\n

Perseverance, severance<\/em>. Ribald<\/em>
\nRhymes (but piebald<\/em> doesn’t) with nibbled<\/em>.
\nPhaeton, paean, gnat, ghat, gnaw,<\/em>
\nLien, psychic, shone, bone, pshaw<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Don’t be down<\/em>, my own<\/em>, but rough it<\/em>,
\nAnd distinguish buffet<\/em>, buffet<\/em>;
\nBrood, stood, roof, rook, school, wool, boon,<\/em>
\nWorcester, Boleyn, to impugn<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Say in sounds correct and sterling<\/em>
\nHearse, hear, hearken, year<\/em> and yearling<\/em>.
\nEvil, devil, mezzotint,<\/em>
\nMind the z! (A gentle hint.)<\/p>\n

Now you need not pay attention
\nTo such sounds as I don’t mention,
\nSounds like pores, pause, pours <\/em>and paws<\/em>,
\nRhyming with the pronoun yours<\/em>;<\/p>\n

Nor are proper names included<\/em>,
\nThough I often heard, as you did<\/em>,
\nFunny rhymes to unicorn<\/em>,
\nYes, you know them, Vaughan<\/em> and Strachan<\/em>.<\/p>\n

No, my maiden, coy and comely<\/em>,
\nI don’t want to speak of Cholmondeley<\/em>.
\nNo. Yet Froude<\/em> compared with proud<\/em>
\nIs no better than McLeod<\/em>.<\/p>\n

But mind trivial<\/em> and vial<\/em>,
\nTripod, menial, denial<\/em>,
\nTroll<\/em> and trolley<\/em>, realm<\/em> and ream<\/em>,
\nSchedule, mischief, schism, <\/em>and scheme<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Argil, gill, Argyll, gill. Surely<\/em>
\nMay be made to rhyme with Raleigh<\/em>,
\nBut you’re not supposed to say
\nPiquet<\/em> rhymes with sobriquet<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Had this invalid invalid<\/em>
\nWorthless documents? How pallid<\/em>,
\nHow uncouth<\/em> he, couchant<\/em>, looked,
\nWhen for Portsmouth<\/em> I had booked!<\/p>\n

Zeus, Thebes, Thales, Aphrodite<\/em>,
\nParamour, enamoured, flighty<\/em>,
\nEpisodes, antipodes,<\/em>
\nAcquiesce<\/em>, and obsequies<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Please don’t monkey with the geyser<\/em>,
\nDon’t peel ‘taters with my razor<\/em>,
\nRather say in accents pure:
\nNature, stature <\/em>and mature<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Pious, impious, limb, climb, glumly,<\/em>
\nWorsted, worsted, crumbly, dumbly,<\/em>
\nConquer, conquest, vase, phase, fan,<\/em>
\nWan, sedan<\/em> and artisan<\/em>.<\/p>\n

The th<\/strong> will surely trouble you<\/em>
\nMore than r<\/strong>, ch<\/strong> or w<\/em><\/strong>.
\nSay then these phonetic gems<\/em>:
\nThomas, thyme, Theresa, Thames.<\/em><\/p>\n

Thompson, Chatham, Waltham, Streatham,<\/em>
\nThere are more but I forget ’em<\/em>–
\nWait! I’ve got it: Anthony<\/em>,
\nLighten your anxiety.<\/p>\n

The archaic word albeit<\/em>
\nDoes not rhyme with eight<\/em>-you see it<\/em>;
\nWith<\/em> and forthwith<\/em>, one has voice,
\nOne has not, you make your choice.<\/p>\n

Shoes, goes, does<\/em> *. Now first say: finger<\/em>;
\nThen say: singer, ginger, linger<\/em>.
\nReal<\/em>, zeal<\/em>, mauve, gauze<\/em> and gauge<\/em>,
\nMarriage<\/em>, foliage<\/em>, mirage<\/em>, age<\/em>,<\/p>\n

Hero, heron, query, very<\/em>,
\nParry, tarry fury, bury,<\/em>
\nDost<\/em>, lost<\/em>, post<\/em>, and doth<\/em>, cloth<\/em>, loth<\/em>,
\nJob<\/em>, Job<\/em>, blossom<\/em>, bosom<\/em>, oath<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Faugh, oppugnant<\/em>, keen oppugners<\/em>,
\nBowing<\/em>, bowing<\/em>, banjo-tuners<\/em>
\nHolm<\/em> you know, but noes, canoes<\/em>,
\nPuisne<\/em>, truism<\/em>, use<\/em>, to use<\/em>?<\/p>\n

Though the difference seems little<\/em>,
\nWe say actual<\/em>, but victual<\/em>,
\nSeat<\/em>, sweat<\/em>, chaste<\/em>, caste<\/em>, Leigh<\/em>, eight<\/em>, height<\/em>,
\nPut<\/em>, nut<\/em>, granite<\/em>, and unite<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Reefer<\/em> does not rhyme with deafer<\/em>,
\nFeoffer <\/em>does, and zephyr<\/em>, heifer<\/em>.
\nDull<\/em>, bull<\/em>, Geoffrey<\/em>, George<\/em>, ate<\/em>, late<\/em>,
\nHint<\/em>, pint<\/em>, senate<\/em>, but sedate<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Gaelic<\/em>, Arabic<\/em>, pacific<\/em>,
\nScience<\/em>, conscience<\/em>, scientific<\/em>;
\nTour<\/em>, but our, dour, succour<\/em>, four<\/em>,
\nGas<\/em>, alas<\/em>, and Arkansas<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Say manoeuvre, yacht<\/em> and vomit<\/em>,
\nNext omit<\/em>, which differs from it
\nBona fide, alibi<\/em>
\nGyrate, dowry<\/em> and awry<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Sea<\/em>, idea<\/em>, guinea<\/em>, area<\/em>,
\nPsalm<\/em>, Maria<\/em>, but malaria<\/em>.
\nYouth<\/em>, south<\/em>, southern<\/em>, cleanse<\/em> and clean<\/em>,
\nDoctrine<\/em>, turpentine<\/em>, marine<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Compare alien<\/em> with Italian<\/em>,
\nDandelion<\/em> with battalion<\/em>,
\nRally<\/em> with ally<\/em>; yea<\/em>, ye<\/em>,
\nEye<\/em>, I<\/em>, ay<\/em>, aye<\/em>, whey<\/em>, key<\/em>, quay<\/em>!<\/p>\n

Say aver<\/em>, but ever<\/em>, fever<\/em>,
\nNeither<\/em>, leisure<\/em>, skein<\/em>, receiver<\/em>.
\nNever guess-it is not safe<\/em>,
\nWe say calves<\/em>, valves<\/em>, half<\/em>, but Ralf<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Starry,<\/em> granary<\/em>, canary<\/em>,
\nCrevice<\/em>, but device<\/em>, and eyrie<\/em>,
\nFace<\/em>, but preface<\/em>, then grimace<\/em>,
\nPhlegm<\/em>, phlegmatic<\/em>, ass<\/em>, glass<\/em>, bass<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Bass<\/em>, large<\/em>, target<\/em>, gin<\/em>, give<\/em>, verging<\/em>,
\nOught<\/em>, oust,<\/em> joust<\/em>, and scour<\/em>, but scourging<\/em>;
\nEar<\/em>, but earn<\/em>; and ere<\/em> and tear<\/em>
\nDo not rhyme with here<\/em> but heir<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Mind the o of off<\/em> and often<\/em>
\nWhich may be pronounced as orphan<\/em>,
\nWith the sound of saw<\/em> and sauce<\/em>;
\nAlso soft, lost, cloth<\/em> and cross<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Pudding, puddle, putting<\/em>. Putting<\/em>?
\nYes: at golf it rhymes with shutting<\/em>.
\nRespite, spite, consent, resent.<\/em>
\nLiable<\/em>, but Parliament<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Seven<\/em> is right, but so is even<\/em>,
\nHyphen<\/em>, roughen<\/em>, nephew<\/em>, Stephen<\/em>,
\nMonkey<\/em>, donkey<\/em>, clerk<\/em> and jerk<\/em>,
\nAsp<\/em>, grasp<\/em>, wasp<\/em>, demesne<\/em>, cork<\/em>, work<\/em>.<\/p>\n

A<\/strong> of valour, vapid vapour,<\/em>
\nS<\/strong> of news<\/em> (compare newspaper<\/em>),
\nG<\/strong> of gibbet, gibbon, gist,<\/em>
\nI<\/strong> of antichrist<\/em> and grist<\/em>,<\/p>\n

Differ like diverse<\/em> and divers<\/em>,
\nRivers, strivers, shivers, fivers<\/em>.
\nOnce<\/em>, but nonce, toll, doll, <\/em>but roll<\/em>,
\nPolish, Polish, poll <\/em>and poll<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Pronunciation-think of Psyche<\/em>!-
\nIs a paling, stout and spiky<\/em>.
\nWon’t it make you lose your wits<\/em>
\nWriting groats<\/em> and saying “grits”?<\/p>\n

It’s a dark abyss<\/em> or tunnel<\/em>
\nStrewn with stones like rowlock<\/em>, gunwale<\/em>,
\nIslington<\/em>, and Isle<\/em> of Wight<\/em>,
\nHousewife<\/em>, verdict<\/em> and indict<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Don’t you think so, reader, rather<\/em>,
\nSaying lather<\/em>, bather<\/em>, father<\/em>?
\nFinally, which rhymes with enough<\/em>,
\nThough<\/em>, through<\/em>, bough<\/em>, cough<\/em>, hough<\/em>, sough, tough<\/em>??<\/p>\n

Hiccough<\/em> has the sound of sup<\/em>…
\nMy advice is: GIVE IT UP!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

It has been said that English is one of the hardest languages to learn to speak and spell correctly. The poem \u2018The Chaos\u2019 represents a virtuoso feat of composition, a mammoth catalogue of about 800 of the most notorious irregularities of traditional English orthography, skilfully versified (if with a few awkward lines) into couplets with alternating feminine and masculine rhymes. You should find this both entertaining and useful for teaching spelling and homophones.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":195,"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85\/revisions\/195"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teachenglishtoday.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}